The Hazards of Proteinuria Caused by Polycystic Kidney Disease

Proteinuria is one of the most common symptoms of the disease of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD). The hazards of the proteinuria are not just the serious drain of the protein nutrition. Proteinuria will also cause the damage to the glomerulus and kidney tubules, thus it can cause the fibrosis of kidney. according to the clinical researches, proteinuria is one of the independent factors which can cause uremia. The greatest hazard of proteinuria is to corrode the kidney tissues and t cause uremia. Then what are the specific hazards of proteinuria?

First, proteinuria has the mesentery toxicity: in the model of renal failure, we can observe that the haemocyanin will accumulate in the glomerulus mesentery, which will cause the damage to the mesentery cells and the hyperplasia of the mesentery cells and the increase of combining of the various mesentery matrix, thus proteinuria can cause the hardening of the glomerulus. Besides, when there are low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein in the glomerulus, the deposition of the apoprotein A and B will gradually lead to the hardening of glomerulus.

Second, proteinuria has the toxins to the proximal convoluted tubule cells: when there is the symptom of pproteinuria, the amount of protein entering the kidney tubule epithelial cells will increase, which will lead to the increase of lysosome activity and cause the lysosome spill into the cytoplasm of kidney tubules. And then subsequent damage to cells may cause the infections and the forming of scar.

Third, proteinuria may cause the cytobiology changes of the kidney tubules: protein can recuperate the function of kidney tubules directly and change the growth characteristic of the kidney tubules. The change of the protein phenotype may cause the kidney tubules basement release PDGF、FN andMCP-1, and then cause the renal fibrosis.

Forth, proteinuria may cause the aggravation of the anoxia of kidney tubules mesenchyme: the adsorption of the protein needs much extra energy, which will cause the anoxia of kidney tubules.
Therefore, protein is not just a symptom of Polycystic Kidney Disease. At the same time, it will cause various damages to the kidney tissues and kidney function.